汉语盘点2022揭晓：“中国式现代化”“新型实体企业”等入选年度十大新词语******
12月20日，国家语言资源监测与研究中心、商务印书馆、光明网联合主办的“汉语盘点2022”结果揭晓。除了“稳”“党的二十大”“战”“俄乌冲突”分别当选年度国内字、国内词、国际字、国际词外，活动还公布了“我的眼睛就是尺”等年度十大流行语，“新型实体企业”等年度十大新词语。
年度流行语反映时代特征，勾勒大事小情：“党的二十大”胜利召开，“太空会师”标注航天领域的中国高度，“数字经济”驱动社会生产方式改变和生产效率提升……
年度新词语记录生活新变化、社会经济新发展：冬奥点燃“冰雪经济”，“中国式现代化”创造人类文明新形态，“新型实体企业”正蓬勃发展……
新时代，更加重视融合发展。从城乡一体化、筹建粤港澳大湾区等方针举措的落地，到“一带一路”倡议、弘扬“全人类共同价值”，无一不贯穿着融合发展的思想。具体到产业、企业，数实融合已成为面向未来实现高质量发展的必答题。
“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要强调，要促进数字技术与实体经济深度融合，赋能传统产业转型升级，催生新产业新业态新模式，壮大经济发展新引擎。
在探索数实融合创新发展的过程中，涌现出一批具备实体企业属性，又有数字技术能力的“跨界”企业，而今，它们有了一个新的词语标签——“新型实体企业”。
无独有偶，“数字经济”也入选了今年十大流行语。从国家统计局对数字经济的界定（《数字经济及其核心产业统计分类（2021）》）来看，其基本范围包含数字产业化和产业数字化两方面。其中，产业数字化部分即是“数字技术与实体经济的融合”，涵盖智慧农业、智能制造、智能交通、智慧物流、数字商贸、智慧能源等数字化应用场景，这为评价“新型实体企业”划定了标准和范围。
新时代，造就了新型实体企业。作为数实融合催生的企业新类别，新型实体企业不仅代表着实体经济先进的生产力，同时也代表了数字经济健康发展的方向——要服务于实体经济，数实融合发展已成为全球共识。
就在上个月，中国企业评价协会对1.7万家样本进行测评，综合考量了实体性、科技性、生态普惠性三项指标，发布了“2022新型实体企业100强”，国家电网、京东、华为名列前三，进入前十的还有京东方、工业富联、海尔智家、比亚迪、美的、小米、百度。榜单集中呈现了一批优秀标杆，旨在发挥示范作用，为企业数实融合创新发展带来先行经验，带动更多的传统产业转型升级，为我国实体经济高质量发展“助攻”。
2022新型实体企业100强-TOP20
中国企业评价协会秘书长刘李佳对此解读，新型实体企业前身多为工业制造、零售流通等传统领域的实体企业，普遍坚守“兴办实业”初心，经历了数智化转型、线下线上融合等产业数字化过程发展至今，延续了传统实体企业重实业资本、重固定资产、重人力资源的经营模式，沉淀了大量的社会化基础设施，为疫情冲击之下我国经济稳增长和防风险提供了坚实的实体产业支撑。
“工厂来了，村里就富了”，这是工业化时代许多农村孩子的集体记忆。新时代，新型实体企业或许会接过接力棒，与数实融合大潮中的弄潮儿一起，踏上新征程。（林一诺）
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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